Friday, October 16, 2026

GCE A/L ICT - Arduino & IoT C++ Code Master Notes PDF English and Tamil Medium Class Online Exam Prep Question Model paper

GCE A/L ICT • Unit 11 IoT

Arduino Boards, Pins & Programming

роЗро▓роЩ்роХை GCE A/L ICT рооாрогро╡ро░்роХро│ுроХ்роХாрой рооுро┤ுрооைропாрой Arduino рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் IoT роХுро▒ிрок்рокுроХро│். Boards ро╡роХைроХро│், Pin роЪெропро▓்рокாроЯுроХро│், роиிро░ро▓ாроХ்роХроо் рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் родேро░்ро╡ுроХ்роХாрой рооுроХ்роХிроп ро╡ிройாроХ்роХро│் роЕроЯроЩ்роХிропродு.

ЁЯУЯ Arduino Boards ЁЯФМ Pin Functions ЁЯТ╗ C/C++ Programming ЁЯМР IoT Integration ЁЯУЭ Exam Quiz
ЁЯМР 1. Arduino рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் IoT-ро▓் роЕродрой் рокроЩ்роХு ▼

Arduino роОрой்рокродு роТро░ு open-source electronics development platform роЖроХுроо். роЗродு sensors-ро▓ிро░ுрои்родு inputs-роРрок் рокроЯிроХ்роХро╡ுроо், родроХро╡ро▓்роХро│ைроЪ் роЪெропро▓ாроХ்роХро╡ுроо், LEDs, buzzers, motors рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் relays рокோрой்ро▒ outputs-роРроХ் роХроЯ்роЯுрок்рокроЯுрод்родро╡ுроо் рокропрой்рокроЯுроХிро▒родு.

роТро░ு IoT (Internet of Things) роЕрооைрок்рокிро▓், Arduino роЕроЯிрок்рокроЯைропிро▓ாрой роЪாродройроо் родройродு роЪுро▒்ро▒ுроЪ்роЪூро┤ро▓ிро▓ிро░ுрои்родு родроХро╡ро▓்роХро│ைроЪ் роЪேроХро░ிрод்родு, роПро▒்ро▒ родொроЯро░்рокு hardware (роО.роХா: Wi-Fi module) роЪேро░்роХ்роХрок்рокроЯுроо்рокோродு, роЕрои்родрод் родро░ро╡ை роЗрогைроп роЪேро╡ைроХ்роХு роЕройுрок்рок рооுроЯிропுроо்.

роТро░ு IoT роЕрооைрок்рокிрой் роЕроЯிрок்рокроЯை роУроЯ்роЯроо்:

1. Input Devices

Temperature, Light, Door sensors рокோрой்ро▒ро╡ை роЪுро▒்ро▒ுроЪ்роЪூро┤ро▓் родро░ро╡ைроЪ் роЪேроХро░ிроХ்роХிрой்ро▒рой.

2. Arduino / Microcontroller

Inputs-роРрок் рокроЯிрод்родு, роиிро░ро▓ிрой் (program) роЕроЯிрок்рокроЯைропிро▓் рооுроЯிро╡ுроХро│ை роОроЯுроХ்роХிро▒родு.

3. Output / Communication

LED, Motor-роР роЗропроХ்роХுродро▓் роЕро▓்ро▓родு Wi-Fi рооூро▓роо் роЗрогைропрод்родிро▒்роХு родро░ро╡ை роЕройுрок்рокுродро▓்.

ЁЯУЯ 2. Arduino Boards ро╡роХைроХро│் рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் рокропрой்рокாроЯுроХро│் ▼

рокро▓்ро╡ேро▒ு Arduino models роЙро│்ро│рой. роХீро┤ே роЙро│்ро│ роЕроЯ்роЯро╡рогை рокொродுро╡ாроХрок் рокропрой்рокроЯுрод்родрок்рокроЯுроо் boards рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் роЕро╡ро▒்ро▒ிрой் рооுроХ்роХிроп ро╡ேро▒ுрокாроЯுроХро│ைроХ் роХாроЯ்роЯுроХிро▒родு.

Arduino Board рооுроХ்роХிроп роЕроо்роЪроЩ்роХро│் Pins / I/O роЪிро▒рои்род рокропрой்рокாроЯு
Uno R3 ATmega328P; рокொродுро╡ாрой роХро▒்ро▒ро▓் board 14 Digital, 6 Analog роЕроЯிрок்рокроЯை роиிро░ро▓ாроХ்роХроо், LED роЪோродройைроХро│்
Mega 2560 ATmega2560; роЕродிроХ memory 54 Digital, 16 Analog роЕродிроХ sensors родேро╡ைрок்рокроЯுроо் рокெро░ிроп projects
Nano рооிроХроЪ் роЪிро▒ிроп ро╡роЯிро╡роо் (ATmega328P) 14 Digital, 8 Analog Breadboard-ро▓் роЪெроп்ропுроо் роЪிро▒ிроп projects
Leonardo ATmega32U4; Native USB 20 Digital, 12 Analog USB Keyboard / Mouse роЖроХ рокропрой்рокроЯுрод்род
Due 32-bit ARM microcontroller 54 Digital, 12 Analog роЕродிроХ processing power родேро╡ைрок்рокроЯுроо் ро╡ேро▓ைроХро│்
Nano 33 IoT SAMD21 + Wireless 14 Digital, 8 Analog Wi-Fi роЕроЯிрок்рокроЯைропிро▓ாрой IoT prototypes
Uno R4 WiFi 32-bit RA4M1 + ESP32-S3 14 Digital, 6 Analog Built-in Wi-Fi роЙроЯрой் роХூроЯிроп роиро╡ீрой IoT
ЁЯТб
рооாрогро╡ро░்роХро│ுроХ்роХாрой рокро░ிрои்родுро░ை: роЕроЯிрок்рокроЯை роиிро░ро▓ாроХ்роХрод்родைроХ் роХро▒்роХ Arduino Uno R3 роЪிро▒рои்род родொроЯроХ்роХрок் рокுро│்ро│ிропாроХுроо். роЗродிро▓் built-in Wi-Fi роЗро▓்ро▓ை роОрой்рокродாро▓், IoT-роХ்роХாроХ ро╡ெро│ிрок்рокுро▒ Wi-Fi module (роО.роХா: ESP8266) родேро╡ைрок்рокроЯுроо்.
ЁЯФМ 3. Arduino Uno R3: рокாроХроЩ்роХро│் рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் Pin роЪெропро▓்рокாроЯுроХро│் ▼
Part / PinроЪெропро▓்рокாроЯு (Function)роЙродாро░рогроо்
Microcontrollerроиிро░ро▓ைроЪ் роЪெропро▓்рокроЯுрод்родுроо் рооூро│ை (ATmega328P)Sensor readings-роР роХрогроХ்роХிроЯுродро▓்
USB Portроиிро░ро▓ை upload роЪெроп்роп рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் power ро╡ро┤роЩ்роХComputer-роЙроЯрой் роЗрогைрод்родро▓்
5V / 3.3Vрооிрой்роЪாро░роо் ро╡ро┤роЩ்роХுроо் railsSensors-роХ்роХு power роХொроЯுрод்родро▓்
GNDGround reference (0V)Circuit-роР рооுроЯிрод்родро▓்
Digital Pins (D0-D13)HIGH (5V) роЕро▓்ро▓родு LOW (0V) signalsLED, Push button
Analog Inputs (A0-A5)рооாро▒ுрокроЯுроо் voltage-роР роЕро│ро╡ிроЯுродро▓் (ADC)LDR, Temperature sensor
PWM Pins (~)Digital pin-ро▓் analog-like output (Duty cycle)LED brightness, Motor speed
RX (D0) / TX (D1)Serial родро░ро╡ை рокெро▒ுродро▓் / роЕройுрок்рокுродро▓்Bluetooth / Wi-Fi module родொроЯро░்рокு
A4 (SDA) / A5 (SCL)I²C родроХро╡ро▓் родொроЯро░்рокுLCD display, роЪிро▓ sensors
RESETроиிро░ро▓ை рооீрог்роЯுроо் родொроЯроХ்роХрод்родிро▓ிро░ுрои்родு роЗропроХ்роХுродро▓்System restart
⚠️
родேро░்ро╡ுроХ்роХாрой рооுроХ்роХிроп роХுро▒ிрок்рокு: Uno R3-ро▓் analogRead() рокொродுро╡ாроХ 0 рооுродро▓் 1023 ро╡ро░ைропிро▓ாрой value-роР ро╡ро┤роЩ்роХுроо். digitalRead() роОрой்рокродு HIGH (1) роЕро▓்ро▓родு LOW (0) роОрой роороЯ்роЯுрооே ро╡ро┤роЩ்роХுроо். PWM роОрой்рокродு роЙрог்рооைропாрой analog voltage роЕро▓்ро▓, роЕродு ро╡ேроХрооாроХ on/off роЖроХுроо் digital signal роЖроХுроо்.
⚖️ 4. Arduino-ро╡ிрой் роирой்рооைроХро│் рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் родீрооைроХро│் ▼

✅ роирой்рооைроХро│் (Advantages)

  • родொроЯроХ்роХроХ்роХாро░ро░்роХро│ுроХ்роХுроХ் роХро▒்роХ роОро│ிродாройродு.
  • рооро▓ிро╡ாрой ро╡ிро▓ைропிро▓் роХிроЯைроХ்роХிро▒родு.
  • рокெро░ிроп community рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் роПро░ாро│рооாрой example codes.
  • рокро▓்ро╡ேро▒ு sensors рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் actuators-роЙроЯрой் роЗрогைроХ்роХро▓ாроо்.
  • Rapid prototyping-роХ்роХு (ро╡ிро░ைро╡ாрой рооாродிро░ி роЙро░ுро╡ாроХ்роХроо்) роЪிро▒рои்родродு.

❌ родீрооைроХро│் (Disadvantages)

  • роЕроЯிрок்рокроЯை boards-ро▓் memory рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் processing power роХுро▒ைро╡ு.
  • роОро▓்ро▓ா boards-ро▓ுроо் built-in Internet (Wi-Fi) ро╡роЪродி роЗро▓்ро▓ை.
  • родро╡ро▒ாрой wiring роЪாродройрод்родைрок் рокро┤ுродாроХ்роХроХ்роХூроЯுроо்.
  • Pin current limits (40mA) роХாро░рогрооாроХ рокெро░ிроп motors-роР роиேро░роЯிропாроХ роЗрогைроХ்роХ рооுроЯிропாродு.
  • High-performance роЕро▓்ро▓родு safety-critical рокропрой்рокாроЯுроХро│ுроХ்роХு роПро▒்ро▒родро▓்ро▓.
ЁЯТ╗ 5. Arduino Programming роЕроЯிрок்рокроЯைроХро│் & Commands ▼

Arduino роиிро░ро▓்роХро│் Sketches роОрой роЕро┤ைроХ்роХрок்рокроЯுроХிрой்ро▒рой. роЗро╡ை C/C++ рооொро┤ிропிро▓் Arduino IDE-ро▓் роОро┤ுродрок்рокроЯுроХிрой்ро▒рой.

роЕроЯிрок்рокроЯை роХроЯ்роЯрооைрок்рокு (Basic Structure)

void setup() {
  // Board start роЖроХுроо்рокோродு роЕро▓்ро▓родு reset роЕро┤ுрод்родுроо்рокோродு роТро░ுрооுро▒ை роороЯ்роЯுроо் роЗропроЩ்роХுроо்.
}

void loop() {
  // setup() рооுроЯிрои்род рокிро▒роХு родொроЯро░்рои்родு (рооுроЯிро╡ிро▓்ро▓ாрооро▓்) роЗропроЩ்роХுроо்.
}

рооுроХ்роХிроп Commands

CommandроЪெропро▓்рокாроЯு
pinMode(pin, mode)Pin-роР INPUT роЕро▓்ро▓родு OUTPUT роЖроХ роЕрооைроХ்роХிро▒родு.
digitalWrite(pin, val)Digital pin-роР HIGH (5V) роЕро▓்ро▓родு LOW (0V) роЖроХ்роХுроХிро▒родு.
digitalRead(pin)Digital pin-рой் роиிро▓ைропை (HIGH/LOW) рокроЯிроХ்роХிро▒родு.
analogRead(pin)Analog pin-рой் voltage-роР рокроЯிроХ்роХிро▒родு (0-1023).
analogWrite(pin, val)PWM pin-ро▓் analog-like output-роР ро╡ро┤роЩ்роХுроХிро▒родு (0-255).
delay(ms)роиிро░ро▓ை роХுро▒ிрок்рокிроЯ்роЯ milliseconds роиேро░род்родிро▒்роХு роиிро▒ுрод்родி ро╡ைроХ்роХிро▒родு.
Serial.begin(9600)Computer-роЙроЯрой் Serial родроХро╡ро▓் родொроЯро░்рокைрод் родொроЯроЩ்роХுроХிро▒родு.
Serial.println(val)родро░ро╡ை Serial Monitor-ро▓் роЕроЪ்роЪிроЯுроХிро▒родு.
ЁЯЫа️ 6. роироЯைрооுро▒ை роЙродாро░рогроЩ்роХро│் (5 Examples with Code) ▼

Example 1: LED Blinking (роТро│ிро░்ро╡ிро│роХ்роХு рооிрой்ройுро╡родுроо் роЕрогைро╡родுроо்)

роиோроХ்роХроо்: роТро░ு LED-роР 1 ро╡ிройாроЯி ON роЪெроп்родு, 1 ро╡ிройாроЯி OFF роЪெроп்родு родொроЯро░்рои்родு роЗропроХ்роХுродро▓்.

int ledPin = 13;

void setup() {
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH); // LED ON
  delay(1000);              // 1 ро╡ிройாроЯி роХாрод்родிро░ுрок்рокு
  digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);  // LED OFF
  delay(1000);
}
ЁЯТб
Exam Tip: Uno R3-ро▓் Pin 13-роЙроЯрой் роТро░ு built-in LED роЗрогைроХ்роХрок்рокроЯ்роЯுро│்ро│родு. ро╡ெро│ிрок்рокுро▒ LED-роР роЗрогைроХ்роХுроо்рокோродு роХроЯ்роЯாропроо் роТро░ு Resistor (роО.роХா: 220╬й) рокропрой்рокроЯுрод்род ро╡ேрог்роЯுроо்.

Example 2: Reading a Light Sensor (LDR)

роиோроХ்роХроо்: A0 pin-ро▓் роЗрогைроХ்роХрок்рокроЯ்роЯ LDR-рой் роородிрок்рокை Serial Monitor-ро▓் роХாроЯ்роЯுродро▓்.

int sensorPin = A0;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  int lightValue = analogRead(sensorPin);
  Serial.println(lightValue);
  delay(500);
}

Example 3: Automatic Light in Darkness (роЗро░ுроЯ்роЯிро▓் родாройாроХ ON роЖроХுроо் ро╡ிро│роХ்роХு)

роиோроХ்роХроо்: ро╡ெро│ிроЪ்роЪроо் роХுро▒ைрои்родாро▓் (value < 400) LED-роР ON роЪெроп்родро▓்.

int sensorPin = A0;
int ledPin = 8;

void setup() {
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  int lightValue = analogRead(sensorPin);
  
  if (lightValue < 400) {
    digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH); // роЗро░ுроЯ்роЯு -> LED ON
  } else {
    digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);  // ро╡ெро│ிроЪ்роЪроо் -> LED OFF
  }
  delay(200);
}

Example 4: Push Button Control

роиோроХ்роХроо்: Button-роР роЕро┤ுрод்родுроо்рокோродு LED ON роЖроХ ро╡ேрог்роЯுроо் (Internal Pull-up Resistor рокропрой்рокாроЯு).

int buttonPin = 2;
int ledPin = 13;

void setup() {
  pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  int state = digitalRead(buttonPin);
  
  if (state == LOW) { // Button роЕро┤ுрод்родрок்рокроЯுроо்рокோродு LOW ро╡ро░ுроо்
    digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
  } else {
    digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
  }
}
⬆️ 7. Arduino Program-роР Upload роЪெроп்ро╡родு роОрок்рокроЯி? ▼

Step 1: Write Sketch

Arduino IDE-роР родிро▒рои்родு C++ роиிро░ро▓ை роОро┤ுродро╡ுроо்.

Step 2: Connect Board

USB cable рооூро▓роо் Arduino-ро╡ை Computer-роЙроЯрой் роЗрогைроХ்роХро╡ுроо்.

Step 3: Select Board/Port

Tools рооெройுро╡ிро▓் роЪро░ிропாрой Board model рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் COM Port-роР родேро░்рои்родெроЯுроХ்роХро╡ுроо்.

Step 4: Verify & Upload

Verify (✓) роЪெроп்родு рокிро┤ைроХро│ைроЪ் роЪро░ிрокாро░்род்родு, рокிрой் Upload (→) роЪெроп்ропро╡ுроо்.

ЁЯУб 8. Arduino-ро╡ை IoT-роЙроЯрой் роЗрогைрод்родро▓் ▼

Arduino роОрой்рокродு роТро░ு Controller роороЯ்роЯுрооே. роЕродு родாройாроХро╡ே роТро░ு IoT роЪாродройрооாроХாродு. роЗрогைропрод்родிрой் рооூро▓роо் роХрог்роХாрогிроХ்роХ роЕро▓்ро▓родு роХроЯ்роЯுрок்рокроЯுрод்род, роЕродро▒்роХு Wi-Fi Module, Communication Software, рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் Cloud Server родேро╡ை.

IoT рокропрой்рокாроЯுInputProcessingOutput
Smart StreetlightLight Sensorро╡ெро│ிроЪ்роЪрод்родை роЪோродிрод்родро▓்ро╡ிро│роХ்роХை ON/OFF роЪெроп்родро▓்
Temp MonitorTemp Sensorро╡ெрок்рокроиிро▓ைропை роХрогроХ்роХிроЯுродро▓்Cloud-роХ்роХு родро░ро╡ை роЕройுрок்рокுродро▓்
Door SecurityMagnetic SensorроХродро╡ு родிро▒рои்родродை роХрог்роЯро▒ிродро▓்Buzzer / Mobile Alert
ЁЯУЭ 9. GCE A/L ICT родேро░்ро╡ுроХ்роХாрой рокропிро▒்роЪி ро╡ிройாроХ்роХро│் (MCQs) ▼

роЙроЩ்роХро│் роЕро▒ிро╡ைроЪ் роЪோродிроХ்роХ роХீро┤ே роЙро│்ро│ ро╡ிройாроХ்роХро│ிрой் рокродிро▓்роХро│ைроХ் роХிро│ிроХ் роЪெроп்родு рокாро░்роХ்роХро╡ுроо்.

1. Arduino sketch-роР роЪெропро▓்рокроЯுрод்родுроо் (execute) рооுроХ்роХிроп рокாроХроо் роОродு? ▼
✅ рокродிро▓்: Microcontroller (ATmega328P)
2. Classic Arduino Uno R3-ро▓் роОрод்родройை Digital I/O pins роЙро│்ро│рой? ▼
✅ рокродிро▓்: 14 (D0 рооுродро▓் D13 ро╡ро░ை)
3. Board start роЖройро╡ுроЯрой் роТро░ுрооுро▒ை роороЯ்роЯுроо் роЗропроЩ்роХுроо் function роОродு? ▼
✅ рокродிро▓்: setup()
4. Uno R3-ро▓் analogRead() function-рой் ро╡ро┤роХ்роХрооாрой роородிрок்рокு ро╡ро░роо்рокு (range) роОрой்рой? ▼
✅ рокродிро▓்: 0 – 1023
5. Classic Uno R3-ро▓் I²C родроХро╡ро▓் родொроЯро░்рокுроХ்роХு роОрои்род pins рокропрой்рокроЯுрод்родрок்рокроЯுроХிрой்ро▒рой? ▼
✅ рокродிро▓்: A4 (SDA) рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் A5 (SCL)
6. Uno R3-ро▓் роОрои்род pins PWM output-роР роЖродро░ிроХ்роХிрой்ро▒рой? ▼
✅ рокродிро▓்: D3, D5, D6, D9, D10, рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் D11 (~ роХுро▒ிропிроЯрок்рокроЯ்роЯро╡ை)
ЁЯОп 10. рооுроХ்роХிроп родேро░்ро╡ு роХுро▒ிрок்рокுроХро│் (Exam Reminders) ▼
ЁЯЪи
роХроЯ்роЯாропроо் родெро░ிрои்родிро░ுроХ்роХ ро╡ேрог்роЯிропро╡ை:
  • Microprocessor рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் Microcontroller-роХ்роХு роЗроЯைропிро▓ாрой ро╡ேро▒ுрокாроЯு.
  • USB port, Digital pins, Analog inputs, RX/TX роЖроХிропро╡ро▒்ро▒ிрой் роЕрооைро╡ிроЯроо் рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் ро╡ேро▓ை.
  • Sensors (Input) рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் Actuators (Output) роОро╡்ро╡ாро▒ு роЗрогைроХிрой்ро▒рой роОрой்рокродு.
  • setup(), loop(), pinMode(), digitalRead() роЖроХிропро╡ро▒்ро▒ிрой் роЪро░ிропாрой syntax.
  • роТро░ு роЪாродройрод்родை IoT роЪாродройрооாроХ рооாро▒்ро▒ Network Connection (Internet) роЕро╡роЪிропроо் роОрой்рокродை рокுро░ிрои்родுроХொро│்ро│ுродро▓்.
ЁЯОУ SRI LANKA ONLINE ICT CLASSES · р╖Б්‍р╢╗ී р╢╜ංр╢Ъා р╢Фр╢▒්р╢╜р╢║ිр╢▒් ICT р╢┤р╢▒්р╢нි · роЗро▓роЩ்роХை роЖрой்ро▓ைрой் ICT ро╡роХுрок்рокுроХро│்

Online ICT Classes in Sri Lanka – O/L, A/L, Cambridge, Edexcel, Python, Web Development & Digital Marketing

Island-wide online classes and home-visit classes in English, Sinhala (р╖Гිංр╖Др╢╜) and Tamil (родрооிро┤்) – for school students, university students, BIT / BSc / IT final-year project students, beginners and business owners.

ЁЯТм WhatsApp Us Now ▶ Watch Free Tutorials

What is ITClassSL? ITClassSL is a Sri Lankan ICT training service offering online and home-visit classes for G.C.E. O/L ICT, G.C.E. A/L ICT, Cambridge IGCSE / A Level, Pearson Edexcel, Python, Java, PHP & MySQL, web design, Microsoft Office, university and BIT final-year project guidance, and digital marketing. Classes run in English, Sinhala and Tamil, as individual or group sessions, anywhere in Sri Lanka. Contact: WhatsApp +94 72 962 2034 · itclasssl@gmail.com.

ЁЯЪА Learn Today. Build Tomorrow.

Looking for ICT classes in Sri Lanka, online ICT tuition, A/L ICT online class, computer classes near me or BIT project help? We provide practical, exam-focused and career-focused IT training with past papers, model papers, step-by-step coding and one-to-one support.

ЁЯТб Our ICT Training & Services in Sri Lanka

ЁЯПл School ICT Classes (Grade 1 – 13)

Online and home-visit ICT lessons for Sri Lankan school students.

  • G.C.E. O/L ICT (р╖Гාр╢╕ාр╢▒්‍р╢║ р╢┤ෙр╖Е ICT / роЪாродாро░рог родро░ ICT)
  • G.C.E. A/L ICT (р╢Лр╖Гр╖Г් р╢┤ෙр╖Е ICT / роЙропро░்родро░ ICT)
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ЁЯЧг️ English · р╖Гිංр╖Др╢╜ · родрооிро┤் – Classes in Your Language

English

Online ICT classes in Sri Lanka, A/L ICT online class, O/L ICT tuition, computer classes, Python classes, web design course, BIT project guidance, digital marketing course Sri Lanka, home visit ICT teacher, Cambridge & Edexcel ICT / Computer Science.

р╖Гිංр╖Др╢╜

р╖Б්‍р╢╗ී р╢╜ංр╢Ъාр╖Аේ р╢Фр╢▒්р╢╜р╢║ිр╢▒් ICT р╢┤р╢▒්р╢нි, р╢Лр╖Гр╖Г් р╢┤ෙр╖Е ICT р╢Фр╢▒්р╢╜р╢║ිр╢▒් р╢┤р╢▒්р╢нි, р╖Гාр╢╕ාр╢▒්‍р╢║ р╢┤ෙр╖Е ICT р╢┤р╢▒්р╢нි, р╢┤р╢╗ිр╢Ьр╢лр╢Ъ р╢┤р╢▒්р╢нි, р╢┤р╢║ිр╢нр╢▒් (Python) р╢┤්‍р╢╗ෝр╢Ь්‍р╢╗ැр╢╕ිр╢▒් р╢┤р╢▒්р╢нි, р╖Аෙр╢╢් р╢Ер╢йр╖Аි р╢▒ිр╢╗්р╢╕ාр╢лр╢║, р╖Аිр╖Б්р╖Ар╖Аිр╢п්‍р╢║ාр╢╜ р╢Ер╖Ар╖Гр╢▒් р╖Ар╖Гр╢╗ р╖А්‍р╢║ාр╢┤ෘр╢нි р╢╕ාр╢╗්р╢Ьෝр╢┤р╢пේр╖Бр╢▒р╢║, р╢йිр╢вිр╢зр╢╜් р╢╕ාр╢Ър╢зිр╢▒් р╢┤ාр╢ир╢╕ාр╢╜ාр╖А, р╢▒ිр╖Ар╖Гр╢з р╢┤ැр╢╕ිр╢л р╢Лр╢Ьр╢▒්р╖Ар╢▒ ICT р╢Ьුр╢╗ුр╖Ар╢╗р╢║ා.

родрооிро┤்

роЗро▓роЩ்роХைропிро▓் роЖрой்ро▓ைрой் ICT ро╡роХுрок்рокுроХро│், роЙропро░்родро░ ICT роЖрой்ро▓ைрой் ро╡роХுрок்рокு, роЪாродாро░рог родро░ ICT ро╡роХுрок்рокு, роХрогிройி ро╡роХுрок்рокுроХро│், рокைродாрой் (Python) роиிро░ро▓ாроХ்роХ ро╡роХுрок்рокு, роЗрогைропродро│ ро╡роЯிро╡рооைрок்рокு, рокро▓்роХро▓ைроХ்роХро┤роХ роЗро▒ுродிропாрог்роЯு родிроЯ்роЯ ро╡ро┤ிроХாроЯ்роЯро▓், роЯிроЬிроЯ்роЯро▓் рооாро░்роХ்роХெроЯ்роЯிроЩ் рокропிро▒்роЪி, ро╡ீроЯ்роЯிро▒்роХு ро╡рои்родு роХро▒்рокிроХ்роХுроо் ICT роЖроЪிро░ிропро░்.

ЁЯУЪ Learn With Your Curriculum

Sri Lankan local syllabus, Pearson Edexcel and Cambridge programmes – ICT and Computer Science.

ЁЯЗ▒ЁЯЗ░ Sri Lankan Local Curriculum

  • Grade 1 – Grade 11 ICT
  • G.C.E. O/L ICT · р╖Гා/р╢┤ෙр╖Е ICT · роЪா/род ICT
  • G.C.E. A/L ICT · р╢Л/р╢┤ෙр╖Е ICT · роЙ/род ICT
  • GIT classes
  • Term test preparation, model papers & notes
  • English / Sinhala / Tamil medium

ЁЯУШ Pearson Edexcel

  • iPrimary Computing
  • iLowerSecondary Computing
  • International GCSE ICT
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  • International A Level IT
  • International A Level Computer Science

ЁЯУЧ Cambridge

  • Cambridge Primary & Lower Secondary Computing
  • Cambridge IGCSE ICT
  • Cambridge IGCSE Computer Science
  • Cambridge O Level Computer Science
  • AS & A Level IT
  • AS & A Level Computer Science

ЁЯТ╗ Programming & Software Development Classes

Python ProgrammingC ProgrammingJava Programming PHPJavaScriptHTML & CSS jQuery & AJAXASP.NETVB.NET VB6MySQLMS SQL Server MS AccessOracle DatabaseDatabase Design SQL QueriesSoftware DevelopmentSoftware Testing

ЁЯОУ BIT, BSc & University Final-Year IT Project Guidance

ЁЯзС‍ЁЯТ╗ Project Development

  • BIT / BSc / IT / ICT projects
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ЁЯУД Documentation & Practical

  • Project ideas & proposals
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  • Assignment guidance
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ЁЯза AI & Smart Applications

  • AI application concepts
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ЁЯУК Database, Cloud & IT Professional Training

Oracle DatabaseMySQLMicrosoft SQL Server Microsoft AccessAWS CloudLinux UNIXWindows ServerDevOps SREAutomationFreelancing Skills

ЁЯУ▒ Digital Marketing & Social Media Training (р╢йිр╢вිр╢зр╢╜් р╢╕ාр╢Ър╢зිр╢▒් · роЯிроЬிроЯ்роЯро▓் рооாро░்роХ்роХெроЯ்роЯிроЩ்)

Facebook Page SetupFacebook AdsInstagram Marketing Instagram ReelsTikTok MarketingYouTube Channel Setup Social Media ManagementContent CreationSEO LinkedIn BrandingCampaign PlanningHashtag Strategy Insights & Engagement

ЁЯЦе️ Microsoft Office & Digital Skills (р╢┤р╢╗ිр╢Ьр╢лр╢Ъ р╢┤р╢▒්р╢нි · роХрогிройி ро╡роХுрок்рокுроХро│்)

MS WordMS ExcelMS PowerPoint Excel FormulasExcel Macros & AutomationComputer Fundamentals Digital LiteracyMultimedia Presentations

ЁЯзн How to Join – 4 Simple Steps

  1. Message us on WhatsApp – tell us your grade / course, medium (English, Sinhala or Tamil) and your goal.
  2. Choose your format – online class (island-wide), home-visit class, individual or small group.
  3. Get your plan – schedule, syllabus coverage, notes, past papers or project roadmap.
  4. Start learning – live practical sessions with support between classes.

⭐ Why Join Our ICT Classes?

ЁЯМН Online & Home Visit
Study from anywhere in Sri Lanka or at home.
ЁЯСе Individual & Group
One-to-one or small group classes.
ЁЯЧг️ English / р╖Гිංр╖Др╢╜ / родрооிро┤்
Learn in the medium you are comfortable with.
ЁЯУЪ School & University
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ЁЯУЭ Past & Model Papers
Exam-focused practice and revision.
ЁЯТ╗ Practical Coding
Build real programs, websites and projects.

❓ Frequently Asked Questions – ICT Classes in Sri Lanka

Do you conduct online ICT classes for O/L and A/L students in Sri Lanka?

Yes. We conduct online ICT classes for G.C.E. O/L and A/L students island-wide, and also offer home-visit individual classes. Classes cover the syllabus, past papers, model papers and revision.

Which languages are the classes taught in? (р╖Гිංр╖Др╢╜ / родрооிро┤் / English)

Classes are available in English, Sinhala and Tamil medium. / р╢┤р╢▒්р╢нි р╢Йංр╢Ь්‍р╢╗ීр╖Гි, р╖Гිංр╖Др╢╜ р╖Гр╖Д р╢пෙр╢╕р╖Е р╢╕ාр╢░්‍р╢║р╢║ෙр╢▒් р╢┤р╖Ар╢нී. / ро╡роХுрок்рокுроХро│் роЖроЩ்роХிро▓роо், роЪிроЩ்роХро│роо் рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் родрооிро┤் рооொро┤ிроХро│ிро▓் роироЯைрокெро▒ுроо்.

Do you teach Cambridge and Pearson Edexcel ICT and Computer Science?

Yes. We support Cambridge Primary to A Level and Pearson Edexcel iPrimary to International A Level, including IGCSE ICT, IGCSE Computer Science and O Level Computer Science.

Can you help with BIT, BSc or IT final-year projects?

Yes. We give technical guidance on project ideas, system design, database design, PHP & MySQL, Python and Java development, and documentation for BIT, BSc, IT and ICT students.

Can I learn Python, PHP, web design or digital marketing as a complete beginner?

Yes. Courses start from absolute beginner level and move step by step to practical projects. No previous experience is needed.

What are the class fees and schedules?

Fees and timetables depend on the subject, grade and whether you choose individual or group classes. Message us on WhatsApp (+94 72 962 2034) for current details.

How can I contact ITClassSL?

WhatsApp or call +94 72 962 2034, email itclasssl@gmail.com, or message us on Facebook and the other platforms listed below.

ЁЯУЮ Ready to Start Learning?

Book your online ICT class or ask about programming courses, university project guidance and digital marketing training.

ЁЯУ▒ Call / WhatsApp: +94 72 962 2034

ЁЯУз Email: itclasssl@gmail.com

ЁЯТ╗ Skype: ITClassSL

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ITClassSL — ICT Training | Computer Classes | Programming | University Project Guidance | Digital Marketing

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Popular searches: online ICT classes Sri Lanka · A/L ICT online class · O/L ICT tuition · Cambridge IGCSE ICT Sri Lanka · Edexcel Computer Science Sri Lanka · BIT final year project help · PHP MySQL project guidance · Python classes Sri Lanka · web design course Sri Lanka · digital marketing course Sri Lanka · home visit ICT teacher
р╖Гිංр╖Др╢╜: р╢Фр╢▒්р╢╜р╢║ිр╢▒් ICT р╢┤р╢▒්р╢нි · р╢Лр╖Гр╖Г් р╢┤ෙр╖Е ICT · р╖Гාр╢╕ාр╢▒්‍р╢║ р╢┤ෙр╖Е ICT · р╢┤р╢╗ිр╢Ьр╢лр╢Ъ р╢┤р╢▒්р╢нි · р╖А්‍р╢║ාр╢┤ෘр╢нි р╢╕ාр╢╗්р╢Ьෝр╢┤р╢пේр╖Бр╢▒р╢║ · р╢йිр╢вිр╢зр╢╜් р╢╕ාр╢Ър╢зිр╢▒්
родрооிро┤்: роЖрой்ро▓ைрой் ICT ро╡роХுрок்рокுроХро│் · роЙропро░்родро░ ICT · роЪாродாро░рог родро░ ICT · роХрогிройி ро╡роХுрок்рокுроХро│் · родிроЯ்роЯ ро╡ро┤ிроХாроЯ்роЯро▓் · роЯிроЬிроЯ்роЯро▓் рооாро░்роХ்роХெроЯ்роЯிроЩ்

Internet of Things (IoT) & Arduino G.C.E AL ICT Lesson 11.4 Questions Notes Tamil Medium PDF English Class Examples

ЁЯОУ Final Master Notes • Sections 46–53

ЁЯМР G.C.E. A/L ICT – Competency 11.1 | IoT Complete Notes

рооுро┤ுрооைропாрой IoT, Embedded Systems, Arduino, Sensors, Actuators Notes | Key Terms, Exam Points, Structured Questions & Answers, Master Formula, Last-Minute Revision Sheet

ЁЯФд Key Terms ⭐ Exam Points ЁЯУЭ Structured Q&A ЁЯзо Master Formula ЁЯза Revision Sheet ЁЯОп A/L Ready

ЁЯФд Section 46 – Key Terms (Tamil + English)

ЁЯФд 46. рооுроХ்роХிроп Terms – Tamil + English Glossary ▼

роЗрои்род chapter-ро▓் ро╡ро░ுроо் роЕройைрод்родு technical terms-роо் роЗроЩ்роХே Tamil + English-ро▓் родொроХுроХ்роХрок்рокроЯ்роЯுро│்ро│рой. Exam-ро▓் роЗро░ு рооொро┤ிроХро│ிро▓ுроо் роОро┤ுродрод் родெро░ிрои்родிро░ுроХ்роХ ро╡ேрог்роЯுроо்.

English Term родрооிро┤் роЕро░்род்родроо் Category
Embedded SystemроЙроЯ்рокொродிроХ்роХрок்рокроЯ்роЯ роЕрооைрок்рокுConcept
Development Boardрооேроо்рокாроЯ்роЯு рокро▓роХைHardware
Microcontrollerроиுрог்роХроЯ்роЯுрок்рокроЯுрод்родிHardware
Microprocessorроиுрог்роЪெропро▓ிHardware
SensorроЙрогро░்роХро░ுро╡ிInput
ActuatorроЪெропро▓்рокроЯுрод்родிOutput
Analog InputроТрод்родிроЪைро╡ு роЙро│்ро│ீроЯுSignal Type
Digital InputроЗро▓роХ்роХ роЙро│்ро│ீроЯுSignal Type
Digital OutputроЗро▓роХ்роХ ро╡ெро│ிропீроЯுSignal Type
IDEроТро░ுроЩ்роХிрогைрои்род рооேроо்рокாроЯ்роЯு роЪூро┤ро▓்Software
CompilerродொроХுрок்рокிSoftware
Code Editorроиிро░ро▓் родொроХுрок்рокி/роОро┤ுрод்родிSoftware
Programmerроиிро░ро▓் роПро▒்ро▒ுроо் роХро░ுро╡ி/рооுро▒ைSoftware
Resetрооீро│рооைрок்рокுControl
Power Supplyрооிрой்роЪாро░ ро╡ро┤роЩ்роХро▓்Hardware
Receive (RX)рокெро▒ுродро▓்Communication
Transmit (TX)роЕройுрок்рокுродро▓்Communication
LDRроТро│ி роЪாро░்рои்род рооிрой்родроЯைSensor
Reed SwitchроХாрои்родрод்родாро▓் роЗропроЩ்роХுроо் switchSensor
Physical ComputingрокௌродிроХ роХрогிройிропிропро▓்Concept
ЁЯУЪ Study Tip: роЗрои்род terms-роР flashcard-роЖроХ роОро┤ுродி родிройрооுроо் revise роЪெроп்ропுроЩ்роХро│். Structured questions-ро▓் Tamil + English роЗро░рог்роЯைропுроо் рокропрой்рокроЯுрод்родро▓ாроо்.

⭐ Section 47 – Most Important Exam Points

⭐ 47. рооிроХро╡ுроо் рооுроХ்роХிропрооாрой Exam Points ▼

роЗрои்род chapter-роР рокроЯிроХ்роХுроо்рокோродு роХீро┤ே роЙро│்ро│ро╡ро▒்ро▒ை рооройрок்рокாроЯрооாроХ роороЯ்роЯுроо் роЕро▓்ро▓ாрооро▓் concept-роЖроХро╡ுроо் родெро░ிрои்родிро░ுроХ்роХ ро╡ேрог்роЯுроо்.

A. Development Boards Examples

Arduino Raspberry Pi Micro:bit

B. Arduino Features

Analog Input Digital Input Microcontroller Digital Output RX/TX USB Power Reset

C. RX/TX

RX = Receive (рокெро▒ுродро▓்)
TX = Transmit (роЕройுрок்рокுродро▓்)

D. IDE Components

Code Editor + Compiler + Programmer/Upload facility
рооூрой்ро▒ுроо் роЪேро░்рои்род software environment.

E. Applications

LED control LDR-based auto light Temperature fan Reed-switch door

F. Basic Architecture

Input → Processing → Output
роОрои்род IoT system-роХ்роХாрой universal model.

G. Important Components

Sensor → Input
Microcontroller → Processing
Actuator/Output → Action

H. Signal Types

Analog = continuous values
Digital = discrete states (0/1)

ЁЯОп Exam Strategy: роЗрои்род 8 points-роР "mind map"-роЖроХ ро╡ро░ைрои்родு 5 minutes-ро▓் revise роЪெроп்ропுроЩ்роХро│்.

ЁЯУЭ Section 48 – Exam-Style Q&A (FAQ Schema Ready)

ЁЯУЭ 48. Exam-Style Questions & Answers (14 Important Q&A) ▼

роЗрои்род Q&A родொроХுрок்рокு A/L MCQ, Structured рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் Essay роХேро│்ро╡ிроХро│ுроХ்роХு роПро▒்ро▒родு. Google Featured Snippets-роХ்роХுроо் optimize роЪெроп்ропрок்рокроЯ்роЯுро│்ро│родு.

Q1. What is an Embedded System?
роТро░ு роХுро▒ிрок்рокிроЯ்роЯ роЪெропро▓்рокாроЯ்роЯைроЪ் роЪெроп்ро╡родро▒்роХாроХ роТро░ு electronic/mechanical system-роХ்роХுро│் роЙроЯ்рокொродிроХ்роХрок்рокроЯ்роЯ computer-based control system Embedded System роОройрок்рокроЯுроо்.
Example: Washing machine controller, Microwave oven controller.
Q2. What is a Microcontroller?
CPU, memory, input/output interfaces рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் рокிро▒ control-related hardware components роЖроХிропро╡ро▒்ро▒ை роТро░ே chip-ро▓் роХொрог்роЯிро░ுроХ்роХுроо் роЪிро▒ிроп programmable control device Microcontroller роЖроХுроо்.
Example: ATmega328P in Arduino Uno.
Q3. Give three examples of development boards.
Arduino Raspberry Pi Micro:bit
Q4. What is an Analog Input?
рооாро▒ிроХ்роХொрог்роЯிро░ுроХ்роХுроо் continuous physical/electrical signal-роР development board-роХ்роХு input роЖроХрок் рокெро▒ுро╡родு Analog Input роЖроХுроо்.
Example: LDR рооூро▓роо் light intensity reading (0–1023 range).
Q5. What is a Digital Input?
рокொродுро╡ாроХ роЗро░рог்роЯு роиிро▓ைроХро│ைроХ் (HIGH/LOW) роХொрог்роЯ input signal-роР development board рокроЯிрок்рокродு Digital Input роЖроХுроо்.
Example: Push button / Reed switch.
Q6. What is Digital Output?
Development board-роЗро▓ிро░ுрои்родு digital control signal роТрой்ро▒ை output device-роХ்роХு ро╡ро┤роЩ்роХுро╡родு Digital Output роЖроХுроо்.
Example: LED ON/OFF, Buzzer ON/OFF.
Q7. What is RX?
RX роОрой்рокродு Receive роОрой்рокродрой் роЪுро░ுроХ்роХроо். Serial communication рооூро▓роо் data рокெро▒рок் рокропрой்рокроЯுрод்родрок்рокроЯுроо் pin. Arduino Uno-ро╡ிро▓் Pin 0.
Q8. What is TX?
TX роОрой்рокродு Transmit роОрой்рокродрой் роЪுро░ுроХ்роХроо். Serial communication рооூро▓роо் data роЕройுрок்рокрок் рокропрой்рокроЯுрод்родрок்рокроЯுроо் pin. Arduino Uno-ро╡ிро▓் Pin 1.
Q9. What is the function of USB port?
Computer рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் development board роЗроЯைропே connection роПро▒்рокроЯுрод்родро╡ுроо், program upload роЪெроп்ропро╡ுроо், serial communication роЪெроп்ропро╡ுроо், power supply ро╡ро┤роЩ்роХро╡ுроо் USB рокропрой்рокроЯுрод்родрок்рокроЯро▓ாроо்.
Q10. What is IDE?
IDE – Integrated Development Environment. Program роОро┤ுрод, compile роЪெроп்роп рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் development board-роХ்роХு upload/program роЪெроп்роп роЙродро╡ுроо் software environment.
Example: Arduino IDE.
Q11. What is LDR?
LDR – Light Dependent Resistor. ро╡ெро│ிроЪ்роЪрод்родிрой் intensity-роХ்роХு роПро▒்рок роЕродрой் resistance рооாро▒ுроо் component. Analog input-роЖроХ рокропрой்рокроЯுроо்.
Q12. Give an application of LDR.
Automatic street light / automatic room light.
роЗро░ுроЯ்роЯாроХுроо்рокோродு LED ON; ро╡ெро│ிроЪ்роЪрооாроХுроо்рокோродு LED OFF.
Q13. What is a Reed Switch?
Magnetic field-рой் родாроХ்роХрод்родாро▓் open/close роЖроХுроо் switch Reed Switch роОройрок்рокроЯுроо்.
Application: Door open/close detection.
Q14. How can a temperature sensor be used to control a fan?
Process: Temperature sensor рооூро▓роо் temperature reading рокெро▒рок்рокроЯுроХிро▒родு. Microcontroller роЕрои்род value-роР threshold value-роЙроЯрой் compare роЪெроп்роХிро▒родு. Temperature threshold-роР ро╡ிроЯ роЕродிроХрооாроХ роЗро░ுрои்родாро▓் fan ON роЪெроп்ропрок்рокроЯுроХிро▒родு; роЗро▓்ро▓ைропெройிро▓் OFF роЪெроп்ропрок்рокроЯுроХிро▒родு.

Logic:
IF temperature > threshold THEN Fan ON ELSE Fan OFF

ЁЯУК Sections 49-51 – Structured Question Examples

ЁЯМб️ 49. Structured Q: Automatic Fan System (Classroom) ▼
Question: роТро░ு classroom-ро▓் temperature роЕродிроХро░ிроХ்роХுроо்рокோродு fan родாройாроХ ON роЖроХுроо் system роТрой்ро▒ை роЙро░ுро╡ாроХ்роХ ро╡ேрог்роЯுроо்.
PartQuestionAnswer
(a)Input device роТрой்ро▒ைроХ் роХுро▒ிрок்рокிроЯுроХTemperature sensor
(b)Processing device?Microcontroller / Development board
(c)Output device?Fan
(d)Basic condition роОро┤ுродுроХ IF temperature > threshold
    Fan ON
ELSE
    Fan OFF

(e) System Diagram

Temperature Sensor ↓ Analog Input ↓ Microcontroller ↓ Compare Temperature ↓ Driver/Relay ↓ Fan
⚠️ Important Exam Tip: рокெро░ிроп fan/motor-роР роиேро░роЯிропாроХ microcontroller pin-ро▓் роЗрогைроХ்роХроХ்роХூроЯாродு. Driver/Relay родேро╡ை роОрой்рокродை diagram-ро▓் роХாроЯ்роЯ ро╡ேрог்роЯுроо்.
ЁЯТб 50. Structured Q: Automatic Light System (Room) ▼
Question: роТро░ு room-ро▓் ро╡ெро│ிроЪ்роЪроо் роХுро▒ைрои்родாро▓் LED родாройாроХ ON роЖроХ ро╡ேрог்роЯுроо்.

Input

LDR

Processing

Microcontroller

Output

LED

System Flow

LDR ↓ Analog Input ↓ Microcontroller ↓ Compare Light Level ↓ LED ON/OFF

Logic / Pseudocode

IF light < threshold LED ON ELSE LED OFF
ЁЯТб Exam Answer Format: Input, Processing, Output, System diagram, Logic/Pseudocode роЖроХிроп 5 parts-роРропுроо் родெро│ிро╡ாроХ роОро┤ுродுроЩ்роХро│்.
ЁЯЪи 51. Structured Q: Door Security System (Reed Switch) ▼
Question: роТро░ு ро╡ீроЯ்роЯிрой் роХродро╡ு родிро▒роХ்роХрок்рокроЯ்роЯро╡ுроЯрой் buzzer ON роЖроХுроо் system роТрой்ро▒ை роЙро░ுро╡ாроХ்роХுроХ.

Input

Reed switch

Processing

Microcontroller

Output

Buzzer

System Flow

Door ↓ Reed Switch ↓ Digital Input ↓ Microcontroller ↓ Buzzer

Logic / Pseudocode

IF door is OPEN Buzzer ON ELSE Buzzer OFF
ЁЯУМ Note: Reed switch роТро░ு Digital Input (HIGH/LOW only). LDR рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் Temperature sensor роЖроХிропро╡ை Analog Input.

ЁЯзо Section 52 – Master Formula (One Formula, Whole Chapter)

ЁЯзо 52. роТро░ே Formula-ро╡ிро▓் рооுро┤ு 11.1 Chapter | Master Architecture ▼

роЗрои்род роТро░ு structure-роР роирой்ро▒ாроХрок் рокுро░ிрои்родுроХொрог்роЯாро▓் chapter рооிроХро╡ுроо் роОро│ிродாроХிро╡ிроЯுроо். роОрои்род IoT/Embedded system question-роХ்роХுроо் роЗродை apply роЪெроп்ропро▓ாроо்.

REAL WORLD ↓ SENSOR ↓ INPUT ↓ ┌────────────────┐ │ MICROCONTROLLER│ │ + PROGRAM │ └────────────────┘ ↓ DECISION ↓ OUTPUT ↓ ACTUATOR ↓ PHYSICAL ACTION

Example 1 – Automatic Light

Light (Real World) ↓ LDR (Sensor) ↓ Analog Input ↓ Arduino (Microcontroller + Program) ↓ Compare with Threshold (Decision) ↓ Digital Output ↓ LED (Actuator) ↓ Light ON/OFF (Physical Action)

Example 2 – Automatic Fan

Temperature → Sensor → Arduino → Fan (via Relay)

Example 3 – Smart Door Alarm

Door → Reed Switch → Arduino → Buzzer
ЁЯОп Exam Power Tip: роЗрои்род formula-роР exam-ро▓் block diagram-роЖроХ ро╡ро░ைропுроЩ்роХро│். 10/10 marks guaranteed! Input, Processing, Output рооூрой்ро▒ைропுроо் родெро│ிро╡ாроХ роХுро▒ிрок்рокிроЯро╡ுроо்.

ЁЯза Section 53 – Last-Minute Revision Sheet

ЁЯза 53. Last-Minute Revision Sheet | 15 Core Points ▼

родேро░்ро╡ுроХ்роХு рооுрой் роЗрои்род 15 points-роР роороЯ்роЯுроо் revise роЪெроп்родாро▓ுроо் chapter-рой் core concept роиிройைро╡ிро▓் роЗро░ுроХ்роХுроо்.

1
Embedded System → роХுро▒ிрок்рокிроЯ்роЯ task роЪெроп்ропுроо் system. Example: Washing machine controller.
2
Development Board → hardware applications develop/test роЪெроп்ропுроо் board.
3
Arduino → popular open-source development platform.
4
Microcontroller → system-рой் control/processing component (CPU+Memory+I/O on one chip).
5
Analog Input → continuously varying input (LDR, Temperature sensor).
6
Digital Input → digital state input (Button, Reed switch).
7
Digital Output → device control signal (LED ON/OFF).
8
RX → Receive (Pin 0 on Arduino Uno).
9
TX → Transmit (Pin 1 on Arduino Uno).
10
USB → computer connection / program transfer / power supply.
11
Power Supply → board-роХ்роХு electrical power ро╡ро┤роЩ்роХுроо்.
12
Reset → program execution-роР рооீрог்роЯுроо் роЖро░роо்рокிроХ்роХ (restart from setup()).
13
IDE → code + compile + upload/program workflow (Eg: Arduino IDE).
14
LDR → light sensing (Light Dependent Resistor).
15
Reed Switch → magnetic door detection (open/close sensor).

ЁЯОп Sensor Examples

LDR Temperature Reed Switch PIR Ultrasonic

⚙️ Actuator Examples

LED Fan Buzzer Motor Relay

ЁЯУК ЁЯОБ Bonus: 3 Main Applications Comparison Table ▼

Exam-ро▓் роЕроЯிроХ்роХроЯி ро╡ро░ுроо் рооூрой்ро▒ு рооுроХ்роХிроп applications-роР роТро░ே table-ро▓் compare роЪெроп்ропுроЩ்роХро│்:

Application Sensor (Input) Signal Type Processing Output Logic
Automatic Light LDR Analog Arduino LED IF light < threshold → LED ON
Automatic Fan Temperature Sensor Analog Arduino Fan (via Relay) IF temp > 30°C → Fan ON
Door Security Reed Switch Digital Arduino Buzzer / LED IF door OPEN → Buzzer ON
ЁЯПЖ Exam Master Tip: роОрои்род IoT question ро╡рои்родாро▓ுроо், роЗрои்род 5 elements-роР родெро│ிро╡ாроХ роОро┤ுродுроЩ்роХро│்: Input Sensor → Signal Type → Processing Device → Decision Logic → Output Actuator.
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Build real programs, websites and projects.

❓ Frequently Asked Questions – ICT Classes in Sri Lanka

Do you conduct online ICT classes for O/L and A/L students in Sri Lanka?

Yes. We conduct online ICT classes for G.C.E. O/L and A/L students island-wide, and also offer home-visit individual classes. Classes cover the syllabus, past papers, model papers and revision.

Which languages are the classes taught in? (р╖Гිංр╖Др╢╜ / родрооிро┤் / English)

Classes are available in English, Sinhala and Tamil medium. / р╢┤р╢▒්р╢нි р╢Йංр╢Ь්‍р╢╗ීр╖Гි, р╖Гිංр╖Др╢╜ р╖Гр╖Д р╢пෙр╢╕р╖Е р╢╕ාр╢░්‍р╢║р╢║ෙр╢▒් р╢┤р╖Ар╢нී. / ро╡роХுрок்рокுроХро│் роЖроЩ்роХிро▓роо், роЪிроЩ்роХро│роо் рооро▒்ро▒ுроо் родрооிро┤் рооொро┤ிроХро│ிро▓் роироЯைрокெро▒ுроо்.

Do you teach Cambridge and Pearson Edexcel ICT and Computer Science?

Yes. We support Cambridge Primary to A Level and Pearson Edexcel iPrimary to International A Level, including IGCSE ICT, IGCSE Computer Science and O Level Computer Science.

Can you help with BIT, BSc or IT final-year projects?

Yes. We give technical guidance on project ideas, system design, database design, PHP & MySQL, Python and Java development, and documentation for BIT, BSc, IT and ICT students.

Can I learn Python, PHP, web design or digital marketing as a complete beginner?

Yes. Courses start from absolute beginner level and move step by step to practical projects. No previous experience is needed.

What are the class fees and schedules?

Fees and timetables depend on the subject, grade and whether you choose individual or group classes. Message us on WhatsApp (+94 72 962 2034) for current details.

How can I contact ITClassSL?

WhatsApp or call +94 72 962 2034, email itclasssl@gmail.com, or message us on Facebook and the other platforms listed below.

ЁЯУЮ Ready to Start Learning?

Book your online ICT class or ask about programming courses, university project guidance and digital marketing training.

ЁЯУ▒ Call / WhatsApp: +94 72 962 2034

ЁЯУз Email: itclasssl@gmail.com

ЁЯТ╗ Skype: ITClassSL

ЁЯТм Contact Us on WhatsApp

ЁЯМР Our Online Learning Platforms

Tutorials, notes, project guides and learning resources.

ITClassSL — ICT Training | Computer Classes | Programming | University Project Guidance | Digital Marketing

Learn • Practice • Build • Grow ЁЯЪА

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р╖Гිංр╖Др╢╜: р╢Фр╢▒්р╢╜р╢║ිр╢▒් ICT р╢┤р╢▒්р╢нි · р╢Лр╖Гр╖Г් р╢┤ෙр╖Е ICT · р╖Гාр╢╕ාр╢▒්‍р╢║ р╢┤ෙр╖Е ICT · р╢┤р╢╗ිр╢Ьр╢лр╢Ъ р╢┤р╢▒්р╢нි · р╖А්‍р╢║ාр╢┤ෘр╢нි р╢╕ාр╢╗්р╢Ьෝр╢┤р╢пේр╖Бр╢▒р╢║ · р╢йිр╢вිр╢зр╢╜් р╢╕ාр╢Ър╢зිр╢▒්
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