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Guide To Develop Effective PHP Web-based Learning

The Internet has changed the practice of medicine, and medical education has not escaped its influence. A recent review found 35 evaluative studies of online interventions in medical education. Since that review more have been reported, and published studies likely represent only a fraction of Web-based medical education projects.
Unfortunately, not all educational websites are equally effective. Adult learning theory—focusing on learner involvement in the learning process—has changed medical education over the past 3 decades, but its influence is not yet widespread in Web-based teaching. Alur et al. recently reviewed medical teaching websites for evidence of active learning. Although most sites met criteria for a “general informational website,” only 17% had all components of a “learning paradigm” (critical thinking, independent learning, evidence-based learning, feedback) and fewer than 50% met any criteria. Informational websites certainly have their use, but a teaching site will be most effective if it stimulates active learning. While incorporating active learning in an educational website is not difficult, it does require thought and planning.
This article outlines essential steps in the development of Web-based courses or curricula that employ principles of active learning. It will not address technical issues such as Web programming or the specifics of webpage design. The scope of these topics prohibit adequate discussion in this paper (the reader is referred to other sources for more information ,). Likewise, this is not a systematic review of Web-based learning; Chumley-Jones et al. recently performed this task. Rather, this article presents a practical framework for developing effective educational websites by combining principles of active learning with the unique features of the Web (Table 1) We cite literature and personal experience to illustrate and support the concepts presented.
Ten Steps to Effective Web-based Learning

PREPARATORY STEPS

The first four steps should be completed before starting the website design. Although it is tempting to skip these steps, their importance cannot be overemphasized. The success of a Web-based educational intervention rests on thorough preparation.

Step 1. Perform a needs analysis and specify goals and objectives

The first step in any educational endeavor is needs analysis, including problem identification, assessment of learners’ needs, and assessment of the teaching environment. Kern et al.'s approach  is useful: define the health care problem you hope to address by creating an online course, and identify what is being done and what should be done to address this problem. Describe how the current performance of your learners (knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors) differs from the ideal. Determine learners’ perceived educational needs and preferences. Evaluate resources and barriers in the teaching environment (including those in Steps 2 and 4).
Use the needs analysis to develop goals and objectives that address the gap between current and ideal performance, taking into account available resources and learner perceptions. Objectives for online education tend naturally to focus on medical knowledge, but skills and attitudes can also be taught online. Well-stated objectives focus the design and function of the program, including evaluation. List the goals and objectives on the final website.
Clear objectives help define the role of online learning in your setting. Will it supplement an existing (traditional) course, or be the primary method of instruction? Most online teaching in medical education has supplemented existing courses, but many courses have been successfully taught completely online.
Estimate the class size. In Web-based teaching the classroom never fills up and handouts never run out, but this does not always mean that Web-based classes can expand ad infinitum. In an automated course—that does not require instructor intervention—an extra learner requires virtually no additional resources (a barely perceptible increase in network usage, and possibly a per-user fee on software or copyright licenses). However, in courses where the instructor plays an active role (moderating online discussion, for example) extra students will have a direct effect on faculty time.

Step 2. Determine your technical resources and needs

Effective course design requires an understanding of both the subject and the instructional medium. The technical details of Web design and programming can be delegated to a specialist, but a multidisciplinary approach—with at least one team member having in-depth understanding of Internet operations—is desirable.,
Meet early with an information technology specialist to discuss technical matters. At least one author recommends doing this even before setting goals and objectives. You need to know the resources and limitations of your local network, including the number, type, and capacities of computers. Are there tools for multimedia development (digital camera, scanner, drawing and photo-editing software, equipment for recording and editing audio or video)?
Determine what e-learning management software (termed “courseware”) is available at your institution. Content-free courseware provides tools (student registration, security, quizzes with automated grading and personalized feedback, online communication with instructors and other learners, tools to monitor learner participation, etc.) to assist the developer in implementing an e-learning website. WebCT (WebCT Inc., Lynnfield, Mass) and Blackboard (Blackboard Inc., Washington, DC) are the most widely used courseware systems, but many others are available. Toohey and Watson review points to consider in selecting courseware.
If you plan to employ a specialist or team to develop the site, find out whether they have developed an educational website before, and estimate development cost and timeline. Additional questions for those planning to develop the site themselves are listed in the Appendix.
Determine the technical resources and needs of your learners. Have they participated in an online course before? Are they comfortable using the Internet? If they will complete the curriculum from home, what computer system (Apple or PC) do they use, and what is the computer's capacity? What software do they use? Do they have high-speed Internet access? You will either need to accommodate the learners’ resources or specify computer system requirements for the course.

Step 3. Evaluate commercial software and use it if it fully meets your needs

It is probably cheaper to buy commercial software on your topic than to develop it yourself. Critically assess how well it meets your needs before purchasing. First decide whether it aligns with your goals and objectives. A perfect match is unlikely, but is it close enough? Next determine whether the product will work on your network (consult your specialist). Most importantly, evaluate how well it capitalizes on Web resources (Step 5), promotes active learning (Step 6), and provides for evaluation (Step 8).
Even if existing software does not meet your needs, you may be able to purchase and implement part of the material you review (for example, an interactive anatomy atlas) as an element in your course. You may also get ideas on content or presentation that you can incorporate into your design.

Step 4. Secure commitment from all participants and identify and address potential barriers to implementation

Technical needs are important in an online course, but the human element is critical. Secure acceptance and commitment from all involved—administrators and faculty in addition to learners. In our experience, potential barriers include resistance to online learning, inadequate computer skills, insufficient time, or perception that the curriculum is a low priority. Identifying barriers early allows you to address them in a timely manner—before implementation begins. Greenhalgh  suggests targeting staff development to the needs of a given project, rewarding staff who participate in online initiatives with recognition or promotion, encouraging collaboration between content experts, educators, and technical specialists, and actively working to change organizational culture.

DEVELOPMENT

Step 5. Develop content in close coordination with website design

The key to effective e-learning is to develop content hand in hand with website design. It is common practice to copy lecture notes or the text of an existing curriculum onto a webpage. Such products—termed “shovelware”—are fast and easy to produce, but although they serve as repositories of information (lecture notes, syllabi, etc.) they are rarely effective for actual learning. Existing content can be used as the basis of an online curriculum, but will likely require significant modification. The most effective websites creatively integrate content with the power and flexibility of the Web to enhance learning rather than merely replicate traditional methods.

Capitalize on the Unique Capabilities of the Web by Appropriately Using Multimedia, Hyperlinks, and Online Communication.

The Web offers a wide variety of resources that, when appropriately used, stimulate and enhance learning, including multimedia, hyperlinks, and online communication. While these are powerful tools, it is important to keep in mind that they are just that—tools, used to create effective, efficient learning.
Multimedia refers to the simultaneous use of text, sound, video (with or without sound), slideshow (with or without narration), images, animation, and more. Text font, color, and size can be varied to highlight key points. Although multimedia does not necessarily improve learning, it improves satisfaction with the learning experience. Appropriate use of multimedia can enrich teaching but keep in mind the following four caveats.
First, it is easy to “overdo it.” There is a fine line between making a page interesting and making it too “busy.” Keep each element of the website focused on the educational objective. If it does not have a teaching purpose—remove it! Do not include multimedia just because it is available. Rather, choose the format (which may be just text) that will most effectively teach the principle. Changes in text format can enhance a page but they can also detract. Again, use restraint, focus on your objectives, and remember that multimedia per se does not improve learning.
Second, multimedia is no substitute for good instructional design. As Rosenberg says, “Multimedia can add value, but simply adding multimedia to a bad learning program won't improve it.”
Third, keep in mind the issue of download speed. Learner satisfaction declines when downloads are slow,, suggesting that the advantages of multimedia are offset by slow speeds. This is less of a problem for users with high-speed access, but for users with a dial-up modem it becomes a significant issue. Large files—video, detailed graphics, animation, and even audio (if the connection is slow)—take longer to download. If a large multimedia object illustrates an important point it may be worth the inconvenience. Otherwise, reduce the file size (e.g., image resolution) or eliminate it altogether.
Fourth, pay attention to copyright law. “Fair use” laws that permit duplication for personal use do not, in general, allow reproduction on the Internet. This applies to both text and multimedia. Still, it may be cheaper to purchase a license to use high-quality material than to develop material in-house (but make sure the license extends to Web publication). See Hoffman's text  for a detailed discussion of U.S. copyright law as it pertains to the Internet, and consider consulting local experts.
Hyperlinks take the user from the current page to another site on the Internet. Target links might include a table on the same webpage, an illustration in the same website, an online clinical tool, or a journal article that discusses the topic in greater detail (see Fig. 1). Hyperlinks can also open documents (word processor document, spreadsheet, etc.) to view, print, or save for reference or modification. Appropriate links enrich a website and enhance function, but too many links may detract.
FIGURE 1
Some potential uses of hyperlinks in an educational website.
Online communication is dominated by e-mail, but also includes online discussion boards, chat rooms, and whiteboards (supported by many courseware systems), and Internet-mediated audio and video conferencing. Most online communication is asynchronous—with a delay from the time a message is sent to the time a response is returned. While at times such delays can be frustrating, asynchronous communication allows learners to communicate on their own schedule, and may actually increase learning by stimulating reflection and independent learning while composing a reply. However, failure to address barriers (including uninteresting topics) may limit participation.Synchronous communication—ongoing “live” conversation—is very similar to face-to-face teaching. Collison et al. discuss effective strategies for online moderators.

Adhere to Principles of Good Webpage Design.

Educators teaching on the Web must understand and adhere to principles of good webpage design. Poorly structured webpages are unattractive, inefficient, and confusing—all of which limit learning. Effective webpages are clear, concise, and consistent.Table 2describes additional characteristics of effectively designed webpages, and Figure 2 and Figure 3 illustrate several of these principles. The National Cancer Institute maintains a webpage on evidence-based Web design and usability at http://usability.gov.
FIGURE 2
A well-designed educational website: the home page. This home page has several features of a well-designed Web page: 1) hierarchy of information, with the most important information at the top of the page, 2) navigation bar includes links to the home ...
FIGURE 3
A well-designed educational website: a “content” page. Note the features of this content page: 1) navigation bar for sections within module, 2) consistent title bar and navigation bar on all pages, and 3) links to online clinical tools, ...
Table 2
Characteristics of Effectively Designed Webpages

Prepare a Timeline; Plan for Up-front Time Investment.

Developing a quality educational website requires a large up-front investment of time. Once the site is complete maintenance will take less effort, and when spread over months or years the total investment (development time + ongoing teaching efforts) is cost effective. But if not anticipated, the initial time requirement may overwhelm developers and lead to a project's premature demise.
Prepare and follow a timeline. Allow sufficient time to develop the content, create or find appropriate multimedia, develop active learning techniques, prepare evaluation instruments (write and validate questions), and pilot the site prior to full implementation. If you are forced to scale back the project remember that revisions to a website, including more complete implementations, are easily done down the road.

Step 6. Encourage active learning—self-assessment, reflection, self-directed learning, problem-based learning, learner interaction, and feedback

This must be done simultaneously with Step 5, but because of its importance we set it apart as a separate step. Encouraging active learning is the most challenging, but often the most interesting and enjoyable, aspect of developing an educational website. Overcoming the inertia of passive learning requires a combination of creativity, careful planning, and content expertise. The degree of success in this area will in large part determine the effectiveness of the educational website.
The key to active learning is involvement of the learner in the learning process—encouraging them to apply new information. Kaufman integrated several theories of education to outline seven “principles to guide teaching practice.”Table 3 describes how each of these principles can be satisfied by online methods. It is not necessary to employ all of these techniques in every online course. Rather, select techniques that best satisfy the requirements of the course content, environment, learners, and teachers.Figure 4 illustrates several active learning techniques.
FIGURE 4
A well-designed educational website: promote active learning. Several features of this page promote active learning: 1) appropriate multimedia (photo not shown due to copyright restrictions), 2) link to other topic in course, 3) links to tables elsewhere ...
Table 3
Principles to Guide Teaching Practice and Corresponding Techniques for Web-based Teaching

Instruction and Feedback.

Lectures have an important role in active online learning but, just as in face-to-face teaching, success depends on planning and presentation. Online “lecture” formats include written text, slideshow, and live or prerecorded video. Appropriate use of multimedia and hyperlinks can highlight important points, stimulate the imagination, clarify relationships between concepts, and promote in-depth study of topics of interest. Cases, self-assessment, and learner interaction can be part of the lecture plan.
Reading assignments are facilitated by online distribution (copyright issues may arise with this) or links to full-text sources. The same processes that would be employed in face-to-face teaching (study questions, group discussion, etc.) should be implemented in a Web-based program.
Other instructional methods include video (particularly useful for role modeling and skills training) and visual instruction (pathology slides, radiographs, photographs, etc.).
Instructors can provide feedback with either asynchronous or live online communication. Automated, personalized feedback provided by the computer can also be effective, and allows learners and teachers freedom in scheduling learning activities and alleviates demands on instructor time. Automated feedback can be delivered using hyperlinks (see Fig. 4) or courseware-supported quizzes. Regardless of which method(s) delivers feedback to the learner, it is important to provide a way for the learner to communicate directly with the instructor (e.g., by e-mail).

Application, Self-assessment, and Reflection.

Self-assessment and reflection stimulate learning by reinforcing current knowledge or by highlighting differences between current understanding and new information. Because the learner sets the pace, online learning has great potential for encouraging these processes.
Online pretests and posttests, with correct answers and justification provided immediately, are one way to accomplish this. Questions can also be embedded within a lecture and linked to answers and explanations. Assigned short-answer questions and essays, often completed as a group project, are another way to facilitate self-assessment and reflection. Online links to potentially useful resources support each step of this process.
Patient cases and simulations encourage application of knowledge and development of judgment and clinical reasoning, in addition to self-assessment and reflection. Simulations can evolve step by step, revealing one part of the scenario at a time and requiring the learner to make decisions (request additional information, order a test, etc.) or answer questions before proceeding.
Other methods to encourage reflection include learner interaction (see “Learner interaction” below) and online personal journals and portfolios.

Self-directed, Evidence-based, and Problem-based Learning.

The self-directed learner asks and then seeks to answer his or her own questions. Questions develop at various points in the learning process—lecture and reading, self-assessment and reflection, interaction with other learners—and the Web is uniquely able to assist learners in answering questions as they arise. Online textbooks, search engines for both medical literature and the Internet, and full-text journal articles provide a wealth of information from which to derive evidence-based answers. However, students using Web-based resources must be selective in their searching to discriminate valid information from mis information and to deal with the immense volume of information available.
Relevant evidence should be presented and discussed. Asking learners to interpret evidence reinforces learning.
Small-group problem-based learning encourages learners to define and address their own learning objectives based on a clinical scenario. This process has been successfully implemented on the Web.,,Variations on this method would be effective for individual learners as well.
Perhaps the most effective learning occurs as learners confront a real clinical problem and must immediately learn and apply a solution (“just-in-time” learning ). We have found that after completing an online course learners will return to use the website while caring for patients.

Learner Interaction.

Learner interaction serves a dual purpose as a social function and as a stimulus to active learning. Almost all courses should provide for “communities of learning,” but whether to develop these online (see “Online communication” in Step 5), face to face, or both depends on the course design and resources. Courses where participants have limited face-to-face contact should have more online interaction, whereas when learners regularly meet in person, online communication may be minimal or nonexistent. The amount of monitoring and interaction from the instructor varies with the topic being taught and with the goals and objectives of the course.

Step 7. Facilitate and plan to encourage use by the learner

We would like to think, “If we teach it they will come.” Unfortunately, we know this is not true in traditional teaching, and multiple studies demonstrate that it is not true for online teaching either.,, It is therefore important to plan ways to enhance learner participation.

Make the Website Accessible and User-friendly.

How will users find your site? Providing the address on paper or in an e-mail may work the first time the learner accesses the site, but invariably the paper will be lost and the e-mail deleted. Better to place a link to the educational site on a frequently used homepage. Passwords also deter use. They may be required for security, but should be minimized as able. Webpages that are attractive, intuitive, and functional will encourage users to return. Those that are not deter further use.

Provide Time for Learning.

It is tempting to develop an online course as an addition to existing coursework, or, when replacing an older course with an online version, to divert the time dedicated to the previous course to other purposes. Such action would likely prove catastrophic for the online endeavor. Online learning permits flexible scheduling, but it does not eliminate the time required to complete the course. Independent and problem-based learning require “protected” time, and so does online learning.

Motivate and Remind; Consider Rewards and/or Consequences.

Motivated learners are essential to the success of any educational activity. Wlodkowski describes six keys to motivation: at the start of the activity, the teacher should encourage a positive attitude toward learning and identify and work to fulfill the needs that the learner hopes to meet during the course. During the learning process, the teacher should provide stimulation and promote a positive affective or emotional experience. Near the end of the activity, feedback should reinforce learning and highlight areas in which the learner is now competent. Many if not all of these strategies can be creatively implemented online.
Demonstrating the website to learners improves participation. We have found reminders, either in person or via e-mail, to be effective. Rewards for completion and/or consequences for failure to complete may be effective but are not possible for all learning activities. Teaching learners to regulate their own learning may also help.

Step 8. Evaluate—both learners and course

In contrast to many other teaching modalities, online education lends itself easily to assessment of both the learner  and the course itself. Courseware systems facilitate submission of assignments and administration of tests and surveys. Software can automatically grade these when answers are objectively defined. Plan both formative evaluation during the educational process and summative evaluation at the end of the course. Further discussion of evaluation is beyond the scope of this paper, but a brief review was recently published.

IMPLEMENTATION AND MAINTENANCE

Step 9. Pilot the website before full implementation

Obtain input from several people, including targeted learners, at various stages in the design process. After development is complete, pilot the entire website prior to full implementation. The “gold standard” is formal testing in a usability lab. If this is not feasible, assemble a group similar to the targeted learners to test each component of the site informally. Collect information on navigation (especially navigation errors and points of confusion), how well objectives were met, time required, and overall satisfaction. Additional information about website testing is found in the references on Web design.,,

Step 10. Plan to monitor online communication and maintain the site by resolving technical problems, periodically verifying hyperlinks, and regularly updating content

Budget time to monitor and moderate course activities. Ongoing faculty time requirements vary by course design, with courses involving faculty-moderated online activities demanding much more time than automated courses.
Although time requirements often decrease after completion of the development phase, maintenance will still be necessary. Plan for at least three ongoing activities:
First, plan to address the technical problems that inevitably arise. Many of these are best handled by a specialist.
Second, hyperlinks should be tested periodically. Links to pages within your website should continue to work, but external websites change frequently and links to those sites may unexpectedly fail.
Third, content should be updated regularly. One advantage of the Web is the ease with which content—text, multimedia, hyperlinks—can be modified. Implement changes based on course evaluation as well as updated information. Consider scheduling periodic literature reviews.

CONCLUSION

We have presented ten practical steps to guide teachers in developing educational websites that implement principles of active learning.
Web-based learning accommodates shift schedules and distance learning, is easily expanded and modified, facilitates assessment, encourages self-directed learning, and is inherently learner centered., Although it may not be superior to traditional methods, these advantages warrant its use in many circumstances to supplement or even replace existing courses.
Harden  and others have suggested that teachers of the future may be as much designers of learning experiences as lecturers and tutors—true “facilitators of learning.” Designing Web-based learning involves more than simply putting together a colorful webpage. Effective online learning requires the teacher to carefully construct a program that integrates principles of active learning, motivation, and evaluation with creative Web design. Only as educators consistently implement these principles will Web-based medical education reach its full potential.

PROJECT-BASED LEARNING
Use these guiding principles to pull together projects with the time and resources you have


Web Based Project Ideas & Topics
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Monday, February 12, 2018

Open Source School Management System free download Project BIT UCSC

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In order to aid in this cost reduction while still maintaining order on the technology front, there are plenty of free school administration software options to choose from. Here are the seven free and open-source school administration software platforms, listed in alphabetical order.



These software options were chosen because they all include standard capabilities that you would expect from school administration software such as attendance tracking and class time table creation.

1Fedena

fedena
Fedena is an open-source school administration software that largely focuses on handling records.
Pros: Fedena offers unlimited administration and student logins to use their system, along with unlimited courses and batches. The system was developed using Ruby on Rails, so schools can easily customize the code to their school’s needs. The system includes human resources, a calendar, financial management, examination management, and student/parent logins.
Cons: Fedena is the free version of another school administration software of the same name. When comparing the free version to the paid version, it becomes clear that the open-source version is lacking in a number of features, including inventory, custom reports, registration, and discipline.
Features:
  • Course management
  • Admissions
  • Faculty messaging
  • School calendar management
  • Examination management
  • Attendance tracking
  • Dashboards
  • Student information
  • Employee/teacher management
  • Human resources
Have you used Fedena? Be sure to leave a review!

2feKara

2015-10-22_11_11_01-FeKara
FeKara is an allaround school admin powerhouse, so long as you are running an operation with 50 students or less.
Pros: FeKara is a clean and modern school administration and management software option that covers everything from exams and assignments to budgeting and internal messaging for all staff. FeKara even includes a mobile app that can work on all tablets and smartphones for convenient on-the-go use.
Cons: FeKara is limited by the amount of students, bandwidth, and storage thatcan be managed on the free version of its software. FeKara is free for schools as long as they remain under fifty students and five teachers in their system, which limits the free use of this software to much smaller schools. If you upgrade one step up, FeKara charges $0.20 per student with unlimited teachers, and finally, their highest paid tier offers unlimited students and teachers for a one-time charge of $350.
Features:
  • Dashboard
  • Examination management
  • Admissions
  • Faculty messaging
  • Attendance tracking
  • Time table for classes
Have you used FeKara? Be sure to leave a review!

3. Gibbon

Gibbon (1)
Gibbon gives new meaning to “all-in-one” software. Gibbon is an open-source “school platform” that not only deals with school administration, but also provides features and services for teachers.
Pros: Gibbon offers a vast array of features including administration tools dealing with finance, staff management, payroll, invoicing, departmenting, and schedules. Gibbon also provides teaching tools including grade books, rubrics, assessments, planner tools, and library catalogues, and provides assessment access for parents.
The clean user interface also helps in regards to the learning curve inherent in adopting a new software system.
Cons: Software maintenance for Gibbon is quite technical, requiring coding knowledge, which is standard for open-source software. Support is limited to online guides for administrators, teachers, and parents —howeverwritten support will never replace helpful live support. The lack of any transcript features also deducts from its otherwise large features base.
Features:
  • Attendance tracking
  • Class management
  • Time table for classes
  • Department management
  • Library management
  • Gradebooks
  • Student management
  • Rubrics
  • Examination management
  • Faculty messaging
  • Employee/teacher management
Have you used Gibbon? Be sure to leave a review!

4. OpenSIS Open Source

library_screen4
OpenSIS is a free, open-source platform designed for K-12, regardless of if they are charter, private, or state-run schools. OpenSIS is best suited for small and medium schools with a knowledgeable IT staff.
Pros: While OpenSIS offers both free and paid versions of its software, its free version has substantial features. Schools can use this software to maintain transcripts, health records, attendance, demographic information, scheduling, gradebooks, and custom reports. OpenSIS also offers integration with Moodle LMS software in its latest software updates, making user info creation and management for students, staff, and teachers much easier.
Cons: To take full advantage of the OpenSIS community, IT members will have to be familiar with PostgreSQL. The free version does not offer discipline, class portals, billing, or state reporting.
Features:
  • Attendance tracking
  • Gradebooks
  • Scheduling
  • Faculty messaging
  • Government reporting
  • Library management
  • Contact management
  • Classroom management
  • Report cards
  • Transcripts
  • Moodle integration
  • Student demographics
Have you used OpenSIS? Be sure to leave a review!

5School Time


2015-10-21_11_39_04-School_Management_System-School_Management_Software_SchoolTime
If you are a smaller school, such as a private elementary or preschool with 50 students or less, the free version of School Time may be just what you are looking for.
Pros: No financial obligations or credit cards are required for the free version of the program and it never expires. Features include board management, grading systems, library databases, exam management, transportation, attendance, and even dormitory management.
Cons: The most obvious con is the limit on the amount of students that can be accounted for in the free version. Of course this issue can be solved by upgrading to the not-so-free versions of School Time, but doing so would negate the “free and open source” solution you were looking for. So, as long as your school falls at or below 50 students, School Time can be a fit for you.
Features:
  • Examination management
  • Time table for classes
  • Class management
  • Curriculum management
  • Faculty messaging
  • Dashboard
  • Directories
  • Attendance tracking
  • Finance reports
  • Payment gateways

6. SchoolTool

Free School Administration Software
SchoolTool is a web-based open source student information system designed to support a single school.
Pros: SchoolTool has a ton of features that largely appeal to teachers. It provides educators with what they need to run their classrooms (gradebooks, skill assessment documents, class attendance sheets, and daily participation journals), strong organization features (including a calendar that plugs in with popular calendar applications like Google Calendar), and a great report card generator. SchoolTool was made with Python, is largely secure, and is run on Linux Ubuntu.
Cons: SchoolTool is a great starting software for smaller schools, but it isn’t an all-inclusive piece of software. For example, schools will have to find other applications to do human resources, reporting, and financial management. SchoolTool is far more a tool for teachers than it is for administrators. SchoolTool has announced as of October 17, 2016 that their primary developers have moved onto other projects, so while outside developers have access to the source code to make improvements, the main team will not be contributing to future updates. It remains to be seen whether or not this will affect the software’s performance in the long run, but the uncertainty doesn’t help in terms of confidence in performance.
Features:
  • Gradebooks
  • Attendance tracking
  • Student management
  • Assessments
  • Databases
  • Contact management
  • School calendar management
  • Discipline tracking
Have you used SchoolTool? Be sure to leave a review!

7TS School

Free School Administration Software
TS School, or Time Software School, is a classic powerful tool that offers the basics for schools of all sizes.
Pros: TS School is great for managing your workforce—it has a powerful human resources module to help manage your school’s staff. TS School also offers a robust student management system, reports, a powerful organizational calendar (with plenty of space to detail sports team timetables or organize classes by subject matter), and an exam module for teachers.
Cons: There are some notable features lacking in TS School that can be found in the paid version, including customizable reports, development, inventory, safety, and admissions. TS School may also present a challenge to teachers who have never worked with school administration software before, as some claim it is not immediately intuitive to use.
Features:
  • Admissions
  • Attendance tracking
  • School calendar management
  • Databases
  • Financial reports
  • Government reports
  • Inventory
  • Faculty messaging
  • Staff management
  • Class management
  • Time table for classes
  • User management
Have you used TS School? Be sure to leave a review!

Other useful school administration and classroom tools

Free software tools exist all over the web, but many of them are restricted by feature limits, operating system requirements, or user limitations. While many schools will find solace in using these free options, not every school is looking for a smaller, free software system.
If these free and open-source school administration systems don’t quite cut it, there are plenty of other paid options to choose from.
If you have recently transitioned to a paid system, be sure to leave a review so that we can stay up-to-date with user experiences!
As for other software and tools, the Capterra school administration blog is full of recommendations and guides to the newest technology in education. If you enjoyed this piece, be sure to read these other blog posts:

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