General Overview
- Definition: Operators perform operations on variables and values.
- Example:
print(10 + 5)
Categories of Python Operators
- Arithmetic operators
- Assignment operators
- Comparison operators
- Logical operators
- Identity operators
- Membership operators
- Bitwise operators
Details of Each Operator Category
1. Python Arithmetic Operators
- Operators and their meanings:
+
(Addition)-
(Subtraction)*
(Multiplication)/
(Division)%
(Modulus)**
(Exponentiation)//
(Floor division)
2. Python Assignment Operators
- Assign values to variables:
=
+=
-=
*=
/=
%=
//=
**=
&=
|=
^=
>>=
<<=
:=
(Walrus operator)
3. Python Comparison Operators
- Compare two values:
==
(Equal)!=
(Not equal)>
(Greater than)<
(Less than)>=
(Greater than or equal to)<=
(Less than or equal to)
4. Python Logical Operators
- Combine conditional statements:
and
or
not
5. Python Identity Operators
- Compare object identity (memory location):
is
is not
6. Python Membership Operators
- Test for presence in a sequence:
in
not in
7. Python Bitwise Operators
- Compare binary numbers:
&
(AND)|
(OR)^
(XOR)~
(NOT)<<
(Left shift)>>
(Right shift)
Python Operator Precedence
- Defines the order of evaluation in expressions.
- Precedence order (highest to lowest):
()
Parentheses**
Exponentiation+x
,-x
,~x
Unary operations*
,/
,//
,%
Multiplication, division, floor division, modulus+
,-
Addition and subtraction<<
,>>
Bitwise shifts&
Bitwise AND^
Bitwise XOR|
Bitwise OR- Comparisons, identity, and membership operators
not
Logical NOTand
Logical ANDor
Logical OR
Examples
-
Parentheses have the highest precedence:
print((6 + 3) - (6 + 3))
-
Multiplication is evaluated before addition:
print(100 + 5 * 3)
-
Operators with the same precedence are evaluated left to right:
print(5 + 4 - 7 + 3)
Exercise
What will be the result of the following syntax?
x = 5
x += 3
print(x)
Answer: 8
.
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