BIT UCSC IT4106 – User Experience Design (UXD) - 2021Exam Preparation Guide MCQ Colombo Sri Lanka Software Development Projects

BIT UCSC IT4106 – User Experience Design (UXD) - 2021

Exam Preparation Guide (Questions 1–25)

Click on each question below to reveal the theory, correct answers, and exam tips!

Question 1 – Definition of a Paradigm

Question

A paradigm is a set of ___________________ that constitutes a way of viewing reality for the community that share them.

Correct Answer

✅ (a) Beliefs

Beginner Explanation

A Paradigm means a shared way of thinking or viewing the world. It includes beliefs, assumptions, values, and methods shared by a community.

Example: In UX, User-centered design is a paradigm because designers believe users should always be involved during development.

Option Explanation

✅ (a) Beliefs - The standard definition is "A paradigm is a set of beliefs that defines reality."

❌ (b) Designs - Design is a product, not a worldview.

❌ (c) Theories - A theory explains something, but a paradigm includes many theories.

❌ (d) Rules - Rules are only a small part of a paradigm.

❌ (e) Artifacts - Physical objects are not paradigms.

💡 Memory Tip: Paradigm = Shared Beliefs

Question 2 – Double Diamond Process Sequence

Question

What is the correct order of the Double Diamond Process?

Correct Answer

✅ (a) Discover → Define → Develop → Deliver

Beginner Explanation

The Double Diamond is one of the most famous UX Design processes. It has four stages:

1. Discover: Research, interview users, observe, ask "What is the problem?"
2. Define: Analyze findings, identify the real problem.
3. Develop: Generate ideas, brainstorm, prototype.
4. Deliver: Test, improve, release.

💡 Memory Tip: D D D D → Discover → Define → Develop → Deliver

Question 3 – Latest Mode of Interaction

Question

Which interaction type is the latest mode of interaction?

Correct Answer

✅ Conversing

Beginner Explanation

Interaction types evolved in this order: Instructing → Manipulating → Exploring → Conversing.

Conversing became popular because of AI Assistants (ChatGPT, Siri, Alexa, Google Assistant). Users now interact using natural language.

Example: "Set an alarm", "Play music", "What is today's weather?"

💡 Memory Tip: Conversing = Natural Language / AI Assistants

Question 4 – Characteristics of Good Design

Question

Which statements are true about good design?

Correct Answers

✅ (b), (e)

Beginner Explanation

Good UX is useful, usable, user-centered, and tested repeatedly.

Why (b)? If users can achieve their goals, it's good design (Functions according to user requirements).

Why (e)? UX follows an iterative process: Design → Test → Improve → Test again.

A beautiful interface alone is NOT good UX.

💡 Memory Tip: Good UX = Satisfies users + Iterative process

Question 5 – Examples of Reflective Cognition

Question

Which are examples of Reflective Cognition?

Correct Answers

✅ Writing report, Designing draft

Beginner Explanation

Experiential Cognition: Fast, automatic, little thinking (e.g., Driving, Talking, Reading).

Reflective Cognition: Slow, careful thinking, planning, problem-solving (e.g., Writing reports, Designing systems, Creating plans).

💡 Memory Tip: Reflective = Deep thinking / Brain power

Question 6 – Cognitive Process: Attention

Question

Which cognitive process allows people to focus on a specific stimulus?

Correct Answer

✅ (a) Attention

Beginner Explanation

Attention means selecting one thing while ignoring others.

Example: You are studying while people are talking nearby. You ignore the noise and focus on your book.

💡 Memory Tip: Attention = Focus

Question 7 – Cognitive Process: Perception

Question

What is the cognitive process that refers to how information is acquired from the environment via the five sense organs and transformed into experiences?

Correct Answer

✅ (b) Perception

Beginner Explanation

Perception is the process of receiving information through the five senses (sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch) and interpreting its meaning.

Example: You see a red traffic light. Your eyes receive the image, and your brain interprets it as "Stop."

💡 Memory Tip: Perception = 5 senses → Understanding

Question 8 – Starting Point of Effective UX Design

Question

To develop an effective user experience, all design should begin with which of the following?

Correct Answer

✅ (e) Understanding intended users

Beginner Explanation

The first principle of User-Centered Design (UCD) is: Understand your users before designing anything.

Designers need to know age, gender, education, experience, culture, goals, and disabilities.

Example: Designing a banking app for elderly users requires large buttons, high contrast, and simple navigation.

💡 Memory Tip: UX starts by understanding users

Question 9 – User-Centered Design Process Sequence

Question

What is the correct sequence of the User-Centered Design Process?

Correct Answer

✅ (e) Understand → Specify Requirements → Design Solutions → Evaluate against Requirements

Beginner Explanation

According to ISO 9241-210, the UCD process is:

1. Understand users
2. Specify user requirements
3. Design solutions
4. Evaluate (and repeat until satisfied)

💡 Memory Tip: U → R → D → E (Understand, Requirements, Design, Evaluate)

Question 10 – Human Processor Model Sequence

Question

What is the correct sequence of the Human Processor Model?

Correct Answer

✅ (c) Encoding → Comparison → Response Selection → Response Execution

Beginner Explanation

The Human Processor Model explains how humans process information:

1. Encoding: Receive information.
2. Comparison: Compare with memory.
3. Response Selection: Choose an action.
4. Response Execution: Perform the action.

Example: See green light → Recognize it → Decide to drive → Press accelerator.

Question 11 – External Cognition

Question

Which concept is concerned with explaining cognitive processes when interacting with graphical images, multimedia, and VR?

Correct Answer

✅ (b) External Cognition

Beginner Explanation

External Cognition studies how external representations (graphs, maps, flowcharts, images, multimedia, VR) help people think and reduce mental effort.

Example: Google Maps helps you navigate without memorizing roads.

💡 Memory Tip: External Cognition = Using outside tools (maps, VR) to think

Question 12 – Co-presence

Question

Which concept supports people in their activities when interacting in the same physical space?

Correct Answer

✅ (d) Co-presence

Beginner Explanation

Co-presence means people are physically together and interact with each other in the same location.

Example: Students working around one smart table, or doctors discussing an X-ray together in the same room.

💡 Memory Tip: Co-presence = Same physical space

Question 13 – Haptic Interface

Question

What is the interface which provides tactile feedback?

Correct Answer

✅ (a) Haptic Interface

Beginner Explanation

"Haptic" comes from the Greek word meaning touch. A Haptic Interface lets users feel the system through vibrations, force, or motion.

Examples: Mobile phone vibration, PlayStation controller vibration, VR gloves.

💡 Memory Tip: Haptic = Hand = Touch feedback

Question 14 – Contextual Menu

Question

Which of the following is an example of a Contextual Menu?

Correct Answer

✅ (d) Pop-up Menu

Beginner Explanation

A Contextual Menu appears only when needed, usually by right-clicking a mouse or long-pressing on a mobile screen. It depends on the object selected.

Example: Right-click a file → Rename, Copy, Delete, Properties.

💡 Memory Tip: Right Click = Pop-up Menu = Context Menu

Question 15 – Augmented Reality (AR)

Question

Three-dimensional virtual images appear superimposed over real objects. Which technology is this?

Correct Answer

✅ (c) Augmented Reality (AR)

Beginner Explanation

Augmented Reality (AR) adds virtual objects onto the real world. You see both the real world and digital objects.

Examples: Pokémon GO, Instagram Filters, Furniture Preview Apps.

Note: VR is fully virtual. MR is when real and virtual objects interact with each other.

💡 Memory Tip: AR = Real world + Virtual objects

Question 16 – Non-probability Sampling Techniques

Question

Which are Non-probability Sampling Techniques?

Correct Answers

✅ (c) Snowball, (d) Convenience, (e) Purposive

Beginner Explanation

Non-probability Sampling: Participants are chosen based on convenience or judgment (not everyone has an equal chance).

• Snowball: Participants recommend others (e.g., finding hackers).
• Convenience: Choose nearby people (e.g., surveying your own class).
• Purposive: Researcher chooses experts (e.g., interviewing only senior UX designers).

💡 Memory Tip: Non-probability = CSP (Convenience, Snowball, Purposive)

Question 17 – Triangulation in Data Gathering

Question

What is the best example of Triangulation in data gathering?

Correct Answer

✅ (d) Collecting data from users in different ways with different methods

Beginner Explanation

Triangulation means using multiple methods (e.g., interviews, questionnaires, observation) to improve the reliability and validity of findings. If all methods produce similar results, the findings are more trustworthy.

💡 Memory Tip: Triangulation = Multiple methods = Better accuracy

Question 18 – Types of Probes

Question

Which statements about probes are TRUE? (i. Design, Technology, Provocative are 3 main types. ii. Design probes are a subgroup of technology probes. iii. Top Trump Probe is a Design Probe.)

Correct Answer

✅ (d) i and iii only

Beginner Explanation

There are three independent types of probes:

• Design Probes: Help understand users (e.g., Diaries, Postcards, Top Trump Cards).
• Technology Probes: Prototype technologies placed with users.
• Provocative Probes: Challenge users to think differently.

Why is (ii) wrong? Design probes are NOT a subgroup of technology probes; they are separate categories.

Question 19 – Qualitative Analysis Approaches

Question

Which of the following are approaches to conduct a qualitative analysis?

Correct Answers

✅ (b) Thematic Analysis, (d) Data Categorization, (e) Analyzing Critical Incidents

Beginner Explanation

Qualitative Analysis deals with non-numerical data (interviews, observations, comments).

• Thematic Analysis: Identify common themes/patterns.
• Data Categorization: Group similar responses together.
• Critical Incident Analysis: Focus on important events that affected UX.

Note: Correlation and Regression are Quantitative (numerical) analysis.

💡 Memory Tip: Qualitative = TDC (Theme, Data Categories, Critical Incidents)

Question 20 – Discourse Analysis

Question

Which analysis focuses on how words are used to convey meanings and identify implicit meanings in texts?

Correct Answer

✅ (a) Discourse Analysis

Beginner Explanation

Discourse Analysis studies language, communication, hidden meanings, and social context.

Example: "The system is interesting." Depending on the tone, this could mean it's genuinely good, or actually difficult to use. Discourse analysis studies these hidden meanings.

💡 Memory Tip: Discourse = Meaning behind words

Question 21 – Prototype Fidelity

Question

What does Fidelity of Prototypes mean?

Correct Answer

✅ (a) The level of detail and functionality built into a prototype

Beginner Explanation

Prototype Fidelity means how closely the prototype resembles the final product.

• Low Fidelity: Simple, cheap, fast (e.g., Paper sketches, wireframes).
• High Fidelity: Looks almost like the final software (e.g., Interactive Figma, clickable buttons, real animations).

💡 Memory Tip: High Fidelity = More detail = Looks real

Question 22 – Core Components of a Conceptual Model

Question

Which are core components of a Conceptual Model?

Correct Answers

✅ (b) Concepts, (d) Relationships between concepts, (e) Mappings between concepts and user experience

Beginner Explanation

A Conceptual Model explains how users think the system works. Its three main components are:

• Concepts: Objects users interact with (e.g., Shopping Cart, Product).
• Relationships: How concepts connect (e.g., Customer places Order).
• Mappings: How user actions affect the system (e.g., Click → Item added to cart).

💡 Memory Tip: Conceptual Model = CRM (Concepts, Relationships, Mappings)

Question 23 – Wicked Problems

Question

Which problems are called Wicked Problems?

Correct Answer

✅ (a) Ill-defined problems

Beginner Explanation

A Wicked Problem has no single solution, is difficult to define, changes over time, and has many stakeholders.

Examples: Designing Facebook, government websites, healthcare systems, or education systems. Nobody fully understands the problem initially, so it is "ill-defined".

💡 Memory Tip: Wicked Problem = Problem is unclear / Ill-defined

Question 24 – Evaluation Without Users

Question

Evaluation without involving users. Which techniques are used?

Correct Answers

✅ (a) Heuristic Evaluation, (b) Walkthroughs, (c) Predictive Modeling

Beginner Explanation

These methods are called Inspection Methods, where experts evaluate interfaces instead of real users:

• Heuristic Evaluation: Experts compare UI against usability principles.
• Walkthrough: Experts simulate users completing tasks.
• Predictive Modeling: Predict user performance mathematically (e.g., Keystroke-Level Model).

💡 Memory Tip: No Users? Use HWP (Heuristic, Walkthrough, Predictive)

Question 25 – Jakob Nielsen's Usability Heuristics

Question

Which are part of Jakob Nielsen's 10 Usability Heuristics?

Correct Answer

✅ All of them (Visibility, Error Prevention, Consistency, Aesthetic Design, Recognition)

Beginner Explanation

Jakob Nielsen proposed 10 Usability Heuristics. The ones listed are all correct:

• Visibility of System Status
• Error Prevention
• Consistency and Standards
• Aesthetic and Minimalist Design
• Recognition Rather Than Recall

💡 Memory Tip: Memorize keywords: Visibility, Match, Control, Consistency, Error Prevention, Recognition, Flexibility, Aesthetic, Error Recovery, Help.

🎯 Final Revision Cheat Sheet (Questions 1–25)

Q	Topic	Correct Answer(s)	Easy Memory
1	Paradigm	(a)	Shared beliefs
2	Double Diamond	(a)	D-D-D-D
3	Interaction Types	Conversing	AI / Natural language
4	Good Design	(b), (e)	Satisfies users + Iterative
5	Reflective Cognition	Writing, Designing	Deep thinking
6	Attention	(a)	Focus on one thing
7	Perception	(b)	5 senses → understanding
8	UX Starting Point	(e)	Understand users
9	UCD Process	(e)	Understand → Evaluate
10	Human Processor	(c)	Encode → Compare → Select → Execute
11	External Cognition	(b)	Graphs, maps, VR
12	Co-presence	(d)	Same physical space
13	Haptic Interface	(a)	Touch feedback
14	Contextual Menu	(d)	Pop-up / Right-click
15	Augmented Reality	(c)	Real + Virtual objects
16	Non-probability Sampling	(c), (d), (e)	Snowball, Convenience, Purposive
17	Triangulation	(d)	Multiple methods
18	Probes	(d)	Design, Tech, Provocative
19	Qualitative Analysis	(b), (d), (e)	Theme, Categories, Critical
20	Discourse Analysis	(a)	Meaning behind words
21	Prototype Fidelity	(a)	Level of detail
22	Conceptual Model	(b), (d), (e)	Concepts, Relationships, Mappings
23	Wicked Problems	(a)	Ill-defined
24	Expert Evaluation	(a), (b), (c)	Heuristic, Walkthrough, Predictive
25	Nielsen's Heuristics	All	Usability principles

🎓 BIT UCSC Exam Tips

If you understand these concepts—not just memorize the answers—you'll be well prepared for similar MCQs and theory questions in the BIT UCSC IT4106 examination.

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